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The Comoros or Comoros archipelago is a volcanic complex of three islands that are an archipelago of the same name and today an independent country with a population of 897219 inhabitants, according to official estimates for 2020.
It is located west of the Indian Ocean, between the island of Madagascar and the east coast of Africa, in the northern part of the Mozambique Strait.
Their area (1,862 square kilometers) makes them the third smallest country in Africa while its population of around 850,688 makes it the sixth smallest African country in population, although it has the highest population density on the continent.
They are also the southernmost member state of the Arab League. Their name comes from the Arabic qamar, which means "moon".
The Comoros Islands are Njazidja, also known by the sailors as Grand Comore, Mwali / Moheli, and Nzwani or Anjouan.
The capital of the Comoros is Moroni (in the Comoros). Other cities are Fomboni and Mutsamundu on the other islands respectively.
Main products of the country are cane, vanilla, citrus and lemons.
Livestock is also developed. Annually the catches reach 4,000 tons.
The Comoros was first visited by Europeans in the 16th century. In 1841 the French Admiral de Hell succeeded in granting the island of Mayotte to France with a special treaty.
In 1866 the native Sultans of the other two islands came under treaty under the protection of France. with the result that all three islands became a French protectorate. Subsequently by decree of France (April 9, 1908) all three islands were under the supreme authority of the Governor of Madagascar.
On July 25, 1912, the Comoros, along with Madagascar, formed an official French protectorate until 1947 and then under their own government in France until 1961. On December 22, 1974, three islands gained independence outside the Mayotte in France, which condemned UN resolutions in favor of Comorian sovereignty over the island. [7] [8]
Ahmed Abdullah's first government was ousted just one month later by then-President Ali Soilich on August 3, 1975. However, in May 1978, Abdullah returned to power by ousting Soelich.
In October 1984, Abdallah was elected President for a second term. Political instability is plaguing the country, which since independence has seen around 20 coups and coup attempts.